AP Computer Science Principles
Course Description
AP Computer Science Principles is a college-level course that allows students to explore the foundational ideas of computing and the ways technology shapes our world. The course emphasizes creativity, collaboration, and the application of computational thinking across disciplines. Students investigate how data, algorithms, and the internet work, while also developing basic programming skills and designing meaningful digital projects.
Key Components:
Conceptual Understanding: Core topics including computing systems, digital information, programming fundamentals, algorithms, and cybersecurity
Analytical Applications: Problem-solving tasks and projects that involve writing code, analyzing data, and designing computing solutions
Multiple Representations: Exploration of computing concepts through code, visual models, flowcharts, and written communication
Justification and Reasoning: Thoughtful reflection and explanation of decisions made in program design, data analysis, and digital innovations
AP Exam Details
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AP Computer Science Principles has a written exam and a performance task, both of which contribute to the AP score and are administered by the College Board in May. The final score is based on:
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Multiple-Choice Section: 70 questions that assess understanding of computing systems, data, algorithms, programming, the internet, and the global impact of computing.
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Create Performance Task: A student-designed program and written reflection demonstrating the development process, function, and purpose of a computer program created independently.
The assessment is evaluated for clarity, creativity, functionality, and the ability to explain and apply computing concepts in both practical and theoretical contexts.
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Helpful Info
College Board
Professor Cunningham
Fiveable
AP Computer Science Principles Score Distribution
From 2020 to 2024, the pass rate (scores of 3 or higher) steadily declined from 71.6% in 2020 to 64.0% in 2024. In 2024, 10.9% earned a 5, 20.0% a 4, and 33.1% a 3, with a mean score of 2.90—matching the lowest mean across the five-year span.
Scores from 2021 to 2023 remained relatively consistent, with pass rates between 63.1% and 66.6% and mean scores hovering around 2.90–2.99. These years showed stable performance despite a growing number of test takers.
In 2025, performance continued along this trend, with 11% of students earning a 5, 20% a 4, and 32% a 3, resulting in a 63% pass rate. This suggests sustained but modest outcomes as the course continues to expand in scale.
Tips & Feedback
Focus on understanding the “why” behind computing concepts—not just the definitions. Practice explaining algorithms, interpreting data, and connecting computing to real-world impacts. When coding, clarity matters more than complexity, so aim for clean, well-commented programs. Prepare early for the Create Performance Task by brainstorming meaningful ideas and documenting your process thoughtfully. Use class time to collaborate, ask questions, and refine your understanding through practice and feedback.
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